arthur/js/app.js

import { FaceLandmarker, FilesetResolver } from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@mediapipe/tasks-vision@1.0.1/vision_bundle.mjs';
import { LIPS_OUTER, LIPS_INNER, FACE_OVAL,
         EYE_R_RING, EYE_L_RING, IRIS_A, IRIS_B,
         BROW_A_RING, BROW_B_RING } from './landmarks.js';
import { stabilize, toRasterRing, smoothContours, suggestPlateFrames, heldFrame, shiftIndex,
         exposeIndex, eyeSignals, gazeOrigin, quantizeSnap, resolveBlink,
         browSignals } from './pipeline.js';
import { IndexedRaster } from './raster.js';
import { drawRegistered, posterizeInto } from './underlay.js';
import { extractTeeth } from './interior.js';
import { applySim, offsetRing } from './mathutil.js';
import { writeTake } from './take.js';
import { synthDense } from './synth.js';
import { PaintUI, drawCel, cloneCel, newCel } from './paint.js';

const RW = 320, RH = 200, ZOOM = 2, THUMB = 92;

const PALETTE = [
  { name: 'bg',         hex: '#12141c' },
  { name: 'skin_base',  hex: '#b07a5a' },
  { name: 'skin_dark',  hex: '#7a4f3a' },
  { name: 'mouth_dark', hex: '#24161a' },
  { name: 'teeth',      hex: '#d9cfc2' },
  // Sclera is not white, and that is authored, not measured. A true white at
  // 320x200 next to a warm skin ramp reads as a hole punched in the face; the
  // eye sits in a socket, in shadow, so it is a dimmer and cooler tone than the
  // teeth, which catch the light. The iris is one dark tone: at this size an
  // iris is about five pixels across and a pupil inside it would be one, so the
  // iris IS the pupil. Resolving it further would be drawing detail the format
  // cannot hold.
  { name: 'eye_white',  hex: '#c9c3b4' },
  // Three tones for the eye - sclera, iris, pupil - which is the "two or three
  // tones per part" budget, spent where it buys the most: an eye with no tonal
  // step inside it reads as a hole.
  { name: 'iris',       hex: '#4a5468' },
  { name: 'pupil',      hex: '#171a22' },
  // Brows get their own entry rather than sharing skin_dark with the lash line.
  // They are hair, not shadow: when hair plates exist they want to match those,
  // and tying them to the lash means you cannot change one without the other.
  { name: 'brow',       hex: '#3a2a22' },
];
const IDX = { bg: 0, base: 1, dark: 2, mouth: 3, teeth: 4, white: 5, iris: 6, pupil: 7, brow: 8 };

const state = {
  dense: null, images: [], stab: null, xform: null,
  outer: null, inner: null, plates: null, hidden: null,
  keep: new Set(),          // frames that get their own plate drawing
  frame: 0, playing: false, faceBox: null,
  fps: 12, audio: null,     // fps comes from manifest.json, never guessed
  aspect: 1,                // imgW/imgH; converts MediaPipe's anisotropic space
  lead: 0,                  // performance-track offset in frames
  exposure: 1,              // 1 = on 1s, 2 = on 2s. Picture holds; audio does not.
  interior: null,           // per-frame teeth measurement from image content
  teeth: null,              // resolved per-frame {show, t} after knobs
  eyes: null,               // resolved per-frame lid rings, shut flags, iris discs
  brows: null,              // resolved per-frame brow rings after quantised raise
  cels: new Map(),          // kept frame -> hand-painted background layers
  eyeSig: null,             // raw eye measurement, kept for the gaze readout
};

const el = (id) => {
  const n = document.getElementById(id);
  // A knob present in the code but missing from the markup used to throw during
  // wiring and leave a blank page with nothing in the console worth reading.
  if (!n) throw new Error(`missing element #${id} — knob wired in app.js but not in index.html`);
  return n;
};
const opts = () => ({
  verts: +el('verts').value,
  lead: +el('lead').value,
  teethOn: +el('teethOn').value / 100,       // minimum Otsu class separation
  teethDwell: +el('teethDwell').value,
  teethSmooth: +el('teethSmooth').value,
  cavityErode: +el('teethErode').value / 100,
  tongueReject: +el('tongueReject').value / 100,
  blobGrow: +el('blobGrow').value,
  topBias: +el('topBias').value / 100,
  teethVerts: +el('teethVerts').value,
  smoothWin: +el('smoothWin').value,
  contourSmooth: +el('contourSmooth').value,
  apertureThresh: +el('apertureThresh').value / 1000,
  tol: +el('tol').value / 1000,
  exposure: +el('exposure').value,
  browVerts: +el('browVerts').value,
  browWeight: +el('browWeight').value,
  browGain: +el('browGain').value / 100,
  browStep: +el('browStep').value,
  browDwell: +el('browDwell').value,
  irisAnchor: el('irisAnchor').value,
  gazeOrigin: el('gazeOrigin').value,
  eyeVerts: +el('eyeVerts').value,
  lashPx: +el('lashPx').value,
  irisSize: +el('irisSize').value / 100,
  gazeGain: +el('gazeGain').value / 100,
  gazeStep: +el('gazeStep').value,             // whole raster pixels
  pupilPx: +el('pupilPx').value,
  gazeDwell: +el('gazeDwell').value,
  blinkCut: +el('blinkCut').value / 1000,
  blinkHold: +el('blinkHold').value,
  blinkDwell: +el('blinkDwell').value,
});

function status(msg, kind = '') {
  el('status').textContent = msg;
  el('status').className = kind;
}

/* ---------- loading ---------- */

const loadImage = (src) => new Promise((r) => {
  const im = new Image();
  im.onload = () => r(im); im.onerror = () => r(null); im.src = src;
});

// The extraction rate is read, not assumed. Guessing it would desynchronise
// audio from picture, which is the one thing this view exists to show.
async function loadManifest() {
  try {
    const r = await fetch('./manifest.json', { cache: 'no-store' });
    if (!r.ok) return null;
    return await r.json();
  } catch { return null; }
}

function attachAudio(name) {
  const a = el('audio');
  if (!name) { a.removeAttribute('src'); a.hidden = true; state.audio = null; return; }
  a.src = './' + name;
  a.hidden = false;
  state.audio = a;
}

async function loadFrameSequence() {
  const dir = el('framedir').value.replace(/\/$/, '');
  const imgs = [];
  for (let i = 1; i <= 900; i++) {
    const im = await loadImage(`${dir}/${String(i).padStart(4, '0')}.png`);
    if (!im) break;
    imgs.push(im);
    if (i % 10 === 0) status(`loading frames… ${i}`);
  }
  return imgs;
}

let landmarker = null;
async function initLandmarker() {
  if (landmarker) return landmarker;
  status('loading MediaPipe wasm…');
  const fileset = await FilesetResolver.forVisionTasks(
    'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@mediapipe/tasks-vision@1.0.1/wasm');
  // GPU is faster but unavailable in some contexts; fall back rather than fail.
  for (const delegate of ['GPU', 'CPU']) {
    try {
      landmarker = await FaceLandmarker.createFromOptions(fileset, {
        baseOptions: { modelAssetPath: './face_landmarker.task', delegate },
        runningMode: 'IMAGE', numFaces: 1,
      });
      status(`landmarker ready (${delegate})`);
      return landmarker;
    } catch (e) {
      if (delegate === 'CPU') throw e;
      console.warn('GPU delegate failed, falling back to CPU:', e.message);
    }
  }
}

async function detectAll(images) {
  const lm = await initLandmarker();
  const cv = document.createElement('canvas');
  const dense = [], missing = [];
  for (let i = 0; i < images.length; i++) {
    const im = images[i];
    cv.width = im.naturalWidth; cv.height = im.naturalHeight;
    cv.getContext('2d').drawImage(im, 0, 0);
    const out = lm.detect(cv);
    if (out.faceLandmarks && out.faceLandmarks.length) dense.push(out.faceLandmarks[0]);
    else { missing.push(i); dense.push(dense.length ? dense[dense.length - 1] : null); }
    if (i % 4 === 0) status(`detecting… ${i + 1}/${images.length}`);
  }
  if (dense[0] === null) throw new Error('no face found in the first frame');
  return { dense, missing };
}

// Interior measurement is a function of pixels alone, so it runs once with
// detection and the knobs re-resolve it instantly afterwards.
function measureAll(images, dense, o) {
  const ctx = document.createElement('canvas').getContext('2d', { willReadFrequently: true });
  return dense.map((lm, i) =>
    extractTeeth(images[i], LIPS_INNER.map((k) => lm[k]), ctx, o));
}

// Extraction keys on every knob that changes the pixels examined, so the cache
// is keyed on exactly those and a change to anything else stays instant.
const extractKey = (o) =>
  [o.cavityErode, o.tongueReject, o.blobGrow, o.topBias, o.teethVerts].join('|');

/* ---------- build ---------- */

function makeXform(stab, neutral) {
  const oval = stab.oval[neutral];
  let x0 = Infinity, y0 = Infinity, x1 = -Infinity, y1 = -Infinity;
  for (const p of oval) {
    x0 = Math.min(x0, p.x); y0 = Math.min(y0, p.y);
    x1 = Math.max(x1, p.x); y1 = Math.max(y1, p.y);
  }
  const s = (RH * 0.80) / (y1 - y0);
  const cx = (x0 + x1) / 2, cy = (y0 + y1) / 2;
  return (p) => ({ x: (p.x - cx) * s + RW / 2, y: (p.y - cy) * s + RH / 2 });
}

function rebuild(resetKeep) {
  if (!state.dense) return;
  const o = opts();
  state.lead = o.lead;
  state.exposure = o.exposure;
  const N = state.dense.length;

  state.stab = stabilize(state.dense, o.smoothWin, state.aspect);

  const ap = state.stab.aperture;
  const head = Math.max(1, Math.floor(N / 4));
  let neutral = 0;
  for (let i = 0; i < head; i++) if (ap[i] < ap[neutral]) neutral = i;
  state.neutral = neutral;
  state.xform = makeXform(state.stab, neutral);

  // Mouth is traced, so it costs nothing: a key on EVERY frame. Only the plate,
  // which a human draws, gets decimated.
  state.outer = smoothContours(
    state.stab.outer.map((r) => toRasterRing(r, LIPS_OUTER, o.verts, state.xform)), o.contourSmooth);
  state.inner = smoothContours(
    state.stab.inner.map((r) => toRasterRing(r, LIPS_INNER, o.verts, state.xform)), o.contourSmooth);

  const apMax = Math.max(...ap);
  state.hidden = ap.map((v) => v / apMax < o.apertureThresh);

  if (state.images.length && state.extractKey !== extractKey(o)) {
    state.interior = measureAll(state.images, state.dense, o);
    state.extractKey = extractKey(o);
  }
  state.teeth = resolveTeeth(o);
  state.eyes = buildEyes(o);
  state.brows = buildBrows(o);

  // Plate outline per frame, so a kept frame shows its own head shape.
  state.plates = state.stab.oval.map((r) => r.map(state.xform));

  if (resetKeep || !state.keep.size) {
    state.keep = new Set(Array.from({ length: N }, (_, i) => i));
  }
  // Frame 0 must always be kept: something has to be on screen at the start.
  state.keep.add(0);

  state.faceBox = faceBoxes();
  drawAll();
}

// Face bounding box per frame in image space, for legible strip thumbnails.
function faceBoxes() {
  return state.dense.map((lm) => {
    let x0 = 1, y0 = 1, x1 = 0, y1 = 0;
    for (const i of FACE_OVAL) {
      x0 = Math.min(x0, lm[i].x); y0 = Math.min(y0, lm[i].y);
      x1 = Math.max(x1, lm[i].x); y1 = Math.max(y1, lm[i].y);
    }
    const mx = (x1 - x0) * 0.18, my = (y1 - y0) * 0.14;
    return { x0: x0 - mx, y0: y0 - my, x1: x1 + mx, y1: y1 + my };
  });
}

// Eyes: lid rings traced per frame, blinks resolved per eye, one gaze shared.
//
// Lids are a FEATURE in the part table - rotoscoped, open vocabulary, a key on
// every frame - so they get exactly the mouth's treatment, including the same
// bounded contour average. The iris is a PRIMITIVE: a disc whose position is
// quantised, which is where the stylisation lives.
function buildEyes(o) {
  const st = state.stab, N = state.dense.length;
  const sig = eyeSignals(st);
  state.eyeSig = sig;

  const blink = { cut: o.blinkCut, dwell: o.blinkDwell, hold: o.blinkHold };
  const shutR = resolveBlink(sig.openR, blink);
  const shutL = resolveBlink(sig.openL, blink);

  // Head-local, subsampled, contour-averaged - the identical chain the mouth
  // takes, with the identical knob. The eye tracks the face, because the face
  // is what it is attached to; what gets removed is per-frame detector jitter,
  // not the motion.
  const lidR = smoothContours(
    st.lidR.map((r) => toRasterRing(r, EYE_R_RING, o.eyeVerts, state.xform)), o.contourSmooth);
  const lidL = smoothContours(
    st.lidL.map((r) => toRasterRing(r, EYE_L_RING, o.eyeVerts, state.xform)), o.contourSmooth);

  // Where the iris hangs. Three behaviours, because this turns out to be an
  // aesthetic choice and not only a correctness one.
  //
  // STEADY (default) reads the socket back off the DRAWN ring. Slots 0 and 8 of
  // a 16-slot lid ring are the two corners, and subsampling to any even budget n
  // keeps them at output indices 0 and n/2 - so the ring that gets rendered
  // carries its own corners with it. The iris is then placed in the frame of the
  // exact polygon it sits inside, after smoothing, after subsampling: it cannot
  // drift relative to its own eye, and it inherits the contour average for free.
  //
  // FREE reads the raw per-frame corners instead, jitter and all. It is what the
  // eyes did before any of this, and it is not simply worse - the detector noise
  // reads as liveliness, the eye never sits perfectly still, and against flat
  // hand-drawn plates that restlessness can be the thing that sells it. It is
  // also the honest baseline to compare the other two against.
  //
  // LOCKED pins the socket to the take's mean, so the eye never moves in the
  // head at all. Watch it against a photo underlay and the drawn eyes hang still
  // over a face whose eyes are moving - that is the registration cost, and it is
  // real - but once the plate is a drawing rather than a photograph, nothing is
  // being registered against and it reads as a deliberately locked-off stare.
  const ringSocket = (ring) => {
    const a = ring[0], b = ring[ring.length / 2];
    return { cx: (a.x + b.x) / 2, cy: (a.y + b.y) / 2, w: Math.hypot(a.x - b.x, a.y - b.y) };
  };
  const rawSocket = (corners, f) => {
    const a = state.xform(corners[f][0]), b = state.xform(corners[f][1]);
    return { cx: (a.x + b.x) / 2, cy: (a.y + b.y) / 2, w: Math.hypot(a.x - b.x, a.y - b.y) };
  };
  const meanSocket = (rings) => {
    const acc = rings.reduce((a, r) => {
      const k = ringSocket(r);
      return { cx: a.cx + k.cx, cy: a.cy + k.cy, w: a.w + k.w };
    }, { cx: 0, cy: 0, w: 0 });
    const n = rings.length;
    return { cx: acc.cx / n, cy: acc.cy / n, w: acc.w / n };
  };
  const socketFor = (rings, corners) => {
    if (o.irisAnchor === 'locked') { const k = meanSocket(rings); return () => k; }
    if (o.irisAnchor === 'free') return (f) => rawSocket(corners, f);
    return (f) => ringSocket(rings[f]);
  };
  const skR = socketFor(lidR, st.cornersR), skL = socketFor(lidL, st.cornersL);
  const socket = (ring) => ringSocket(ring);

  // Iris radius comes from the take's MEAN eye width, not the current frame's.
  // Size is authored; only position is tracked. A radius recomputed per frame
  // would breathe by a fraction of a pixel as the fit's depth-scale wanders,
  // and at this resolution a fraction of a pixel is a pixel flicking on and off
  // around the whole silhouette.
  const meanW = (rings) => rings.reduce((a, r) => a + ringSocket(r).w, 0) / rings.length;
  const wR = meanW(lidR), wL = meanW(lidL), w = (wR + wL) / 2;

  // Calibrate against the neutral, apply the artist's gain, and only then
  // quantise - the grid should be a grid of DRAWN positions, because that is
  // what a viewer reads. Gain is an authored parameter: measured gaze excursion
  // is small and a character's eye usually wants more throw than a performer's,
  // which is a decision for a person and not for the detector.
  const origin = gazeOrigin(sig.gazeRaw, o.gazeOrigin, state.neutral);
  state.gazeOriginValue = origin;
  const px = sig.gazeRaw.map((g) => ({
    x: (g.x - origin.x) * o.gazeGain * w,
    y: (g.y - origin.y) * o.gazeGain * w,
  }));
  const gaze = quantizeSnap(px, o.gazeStep, o.gazeDwell);

  const eye = (sk, lids, shut, rad, f) => {
    const e = sk(f);
    return {
      // The lash line is the lid ring pushed outward by a fixed number of
      // pixels, exactly as the mouth's outer ring sits outside its inner one.
      // When the eye shuts, the traced ring goes near-degenerate and this
      // collapses to a lens - which is a closed eye, drawn correctly, for free.
      lash: offsetRing(lids[f], o.lashPx),
      lid: lids[f],
      shut: shut[f],
      // Rounded to whole pixels. The rasteriser quantises everything anyway, so
      // this costs nothing - but it means the iris and the square pupil share
      // one integer centre, so the pupil is exactly its nominal size on every
      // frame instead of spilling to the next pixel on some and not others.
      iris: { x: Math.round(e.cx + gaze[f].x), y: Math.round(e.cy + gaze[f].y), r: rad },
      pupil: o.pupilPx,
    };
  };

  return {
    gazePx: px, gaze, shutR, shutL, hasIris: sig.hasIris,
    frames: Array.from({ length: N }, (_, f) => ({
      r: eye(skR, lidR, shutR, (wR * o.irisSize) / 2, f),
      l: eye(skL, lidL, shutL, (wL * o.irisSize) / 2, f),
    })),
  };
}

// Brows: ring traced every frame, HEIGHT quantised.
//
// The decomposition is the point. The traced ring already contains the brow's
// real height, so adding a quantised raise on top would move it twice. Instead
// the height is measured out of the ring, quantised, and put back - the shape
// that renders is his, at a height that snaps between a few authored levels and
// holds. That is the same split the eyes got: lid traced as a feature, iris
// position quantised as a primitive.
//
// Two ends, not one height, warped linearly between them. Raise and tilt are
// different expressions out of one mechanism: both ends up is surprise, inner
// up alone is worry, inner down is anger.
function buildBrows(o) {
  const st = state.stab, N = state.dense.length;
  const sig = browSignals(st);
  state.browSig = sig;

  const ringOf = (side) => (side === 'R' ? sig.pairing.right : sig.pairing.left);
  const table = (side) => (ringOf(side) === 'browA' ? BROW_A_RING : BROW_B_RING);

  const build = (side, corners) => {
    const rings = smoothContours(
      st[ringOf(side)].map((r) => toRasterRing(r, table(side), o.browVerts, state.xform)),
      o.contourSmooth);

    // Eye width in raster pixels, so the raise converts from eye widths into the
    // units the grid is expressed in and the knob means the same on any framing.
    const wpx = (f) => {
      const a = state.xform(corners[f][0]), b = state.xform(corners[f][1]);
      return Math.hypot(a.x - b.x, a.y - b.y);
    };
    const meanW = st.cornersR.reduce((a, _, f) => a + wpx(f), 0) / N;

    // Rest pose from the take MEDIAN, never from the neutral frame. That frame
    // is chosen by minimum mouth aperture and says nothing about the brows, and
    // the same mistake on the gaze origin re-pointed an entire performance.
    const rest = gazeOrigin(sig[side], 'median');
    const px = sig[side].map((g) => ({
      x: (g.x - rest.x) * o.browGain * meanW,
      y: (g.y - rest.y) * o.browGain * meanW,
    }));
    const q = quantizeSnap(px, o.browStep, o.browDwell);

    const frames = rings.map((ring, f) => {
      // Raise is measured upward but y grows downward, so a positive raise is a
      // negative y offset.
      const dOuter = -(q[f].x - px[f].x), dInner = -(q[f].y - px[f].y);
      const a = state.xform(corners[f][0]), b = state.xform(corners[f][1]);
      const span = b.x - a.x;
      const warped = ring.map((p) => {
        // Position along the brow's own axis, outer end to inner end. Taken from
        // x against the eye corners rather than from ring slots, because
        // subsampling does not keep the end slots at any given budget.
        const t = span === 0 ? 0 : Math.min(1, Math.max(0, (p.x - a.x) / span));
        return { x: p.x, y: p.y + dOuter + (dInner - dOuter) * t };
      });
      return offsetRing(warped, o.browWeight);
    });
    return { frames, px, q };
  };

  return { R: build('R', st.cornersR), L: build('L', st.cornersL), pairing: sig.pairing };
}

// Presence gets hysteresis and a minimum dwell, the same treatment plate
// selection gets: a teeth block that blinks on and off for single frames is
// worse than one that is simply absent. Appearing needs a clear signal, staying
// needs only a weak one.
function resolveTeeth(o) {
  const N = state.dense.length;
  if (!state.interior) return new Array(N).fill({ show: false, pts: null });

  const raw = state.interior.map((m, f) =>
    (state.hidden[f] || !m.contour ? 0 : m.contrast));
  const on = o.teethOn, off = o.teethOn * 0.7;
  const shown = new Array(N).fill(false);
  let live = false, since = 0;
  for (let f = 0; f < N; f++) {
    const want = live ? raw[f] > off : raw[f] > on;
    if (want !== live && since >= o.teethDwell) { live = want; since = 0; }
    else since++;
    shown[f] = live && !state.hidden[f] && !!state.interior[f].contour;
  }

  // Into raster space through the same chain the lips take, including the
  // isotropic aspect conversion - a contour in MediaPipe's normalised space is
  // in the same stretched coordinates the landmarks are.
  const toRaster = (pts, f) => {
    const tf = state.stab.transforms[f];
    return pts.map((p) => state.xform(applySim(tf, { x: p.x * state.aspect, y: p.y })));
  };
  const rast = state.interior.map((m, f) => (m.contour ? toRaster(m.contour, f) : null));

  // Radial sampling makes vertex k mean the same direction on every frame, so
  // smoothing across time is well defined and cannot reorder anything.
  const sm = rast.map((pts, f) => {
    if (!pts || !shown[f]) return pts;
    const acc = pts.map(() => ({ x: 0, y: 0 }));
    let c = 0;
    for (let j = f - o.teethSmooth; j <= f + o.teethSmooth; j++) {
      const k = Math.min(N - 1, Math.max(0, j));
      if (!shown[k] || !rast[k] || rast[k].length !== pts.length) continue;
      for (let v = 0; v < pts.length; v++) { acc[v].x += rast[k][v].x; acc[v].y += rast[k][v].y; }
      c++;
    }
    return c ? acc.map((p) => ({ x: p.x / c, y: p.y / c })) : pts;
  });

  return shown.map((show, f) => ({ show, pts: sm[f] }));
}

/* ---------- render ---------- */

// The plate layer has several representations because its job changes: a flat
// shape to judge the mouth against, or a registered photograph to draw over.
// Only the latter is any use as reference art, and the generated oval is only a
// stand-in until a drawing exists.
function renderFrame(f, mode = plateMode()) {
  const r = new IndexedRaster(RW, RH);
  const pf = plateIndex(f);                // the plate frame on screen

  if (mode === 'posterize' && state.images[pf]) {
    posterizeInto(r, state.images[pf], state.stab.transforms[pf], state.xform,
                  PALETTE.map((p) => p.hex));
  } else {
    r.clear(IDX.bg);
  }
  // Painted cels sit BEHIND the face and hold on the same frames the plate
  // does - pf is already "the most recent kept frame at or before f", which is
  // exactly the rule the user draws against: a cel holds until the next frame
  // that has its own drawing.
  drawCel(r, state.cels.get(pf), (i) => i);
  if (mode !== 'posterize' && (mode === 'oval' || mode === 'oval+photo')) {
    r.fillPoly(state.plates[pf], IDX.base);
  }

  // Eyes run on the CLOCK, not on the mouth lead. The lead is a lip-sync
  // device: it exists because a mouth shape anticipates the sound it makes.
  // Nothing about a blink or a glance is tied to the audio, so shifting the
  // eyes would only slide them off the head that carries them.
  // Eyes and brows ride the exposure grid but NOT the mouth lead: the lead is a
  // lip-sync device and nothing about a blink or a brow is tied to the audio.
  const ef = perfIndex(f);
  if (state.eyes) drawEyes(r, state.eyes.frames[ef]);
  if (state.brows) {
    r.fillPoly(state.brows.R.frames[ef], IDX.brow);
    r.fillPoly(state.brows.L.frames[ef], IDX.brow);
  }

  const mf = leadIndex(f);                 // performance frame, possibly ahead
  r.fillPoly(state.outer[mf], IDX.dark);   // mouth keeps every frame
  if (!state.hidden[mf]) {
    r.fillPoly(state.inner[mf], IDX.mouth);
    const te = state.teeth[mf];
    if (te.show && te.pts && te.pts.length >= 3) r.fillPoly(te.pts, IDX.teeth);
  }
  return r;
}

// Lash ring, then sclera, then iris - the same three-layer structure the mouth
// has, for the same reason: the dark ring outside the pale interior is what
// makes a flat shape read as an opening rather than a blob.
//
// The iris is stencilled to the sclera it was just drawn over, so the lid crops
// it automatically. Nothing needs to clamp the gaze to keep the iris inside the
// eye, which matters because a clamp would flatten the performance at exactly
// the extremes that carry it.
function drawEyes(r, e) {
  for (const s of [e.r, e.l]) {
    r.fillPoly(s.lash, IDX.dark);
    if (s.shut) continue;           // a shut eye IS the lash line, alone
    r.fillPoly(s.lid, IDX.white);
    r.fillDisc(s.iris.x, s.iris.y, s.iris.r, IDX.iris, IDX.white);
    // Stencilled to the iris, which is itself stencilled to the sclera - so the
    // pupil is cropped by the lid transitively, and a blink or an extreme gaze
    // takes the right bite out of it without anything having to compute where.
    if (s.pupil) r.fillRect(s.iris.x, s.iris.y, s.pupil, IDX.pupil, IDX.iris);
  }
}

const plateMode = () => el('plateMode').value;

// Photo modes composite under the indexed layer, so the flat shapes stay exactly
// as they render while the reference sits behind them.
function compositeRender(canvas, f, zoom) {
  const mode = plateMode();
  const pf = plateIndex(f);
  const img = state.images[pf];
  const showPhoto = img && (mode === 'photo' || mode === 'photo-dim' || mode === 'oval+photo');

  canvas.width = RW * zoom; canvas.height = RH * zoom;
  const g = canvas.getContext('2d');
  g.fillStyle = PALETTE[IDX.bg].hex;
  g.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

  if (showPhoto) {
    drawRegistered(g, img, state.stab.transforms[pf], state.xform, zoom,
                   mode === 'photo-dim' ? 0.34 : 1);
  }

  blitIndexed(g, renderFrame(f, mode === 'oval+photo' ? 'oval' : (showPhoto ? 'off' : mode)),
              zoom, showPhoto);
}

// Put an indexed raster onto a 2D context. With `keyBg`, background pixels go
// transparent instead of opaque, so whatever was painted underneath - a
// registered photograph, usually - stays visible through them.
//
// Split out of compositeRender so the paint canvas can draw the same pixels at
// a reduced globalAlpha. Nothing else is different about that path, which is
// what keeps the editing view honest: you are dimming the render, not looking
// at a second renderer that might disagree with it.
function blitIndexed(g, raster, zoom, keyBg) {
  const img = raster.toImageData(PALETTE.map((p) => p.hex), zoom);
  if (!keyBg) { g.putImageData(img, 0, 0); return; }
  const bg = PALETTE[IDX.bg].hex.replace('#', '');
  const br = parseInt(bg.slice(0, 2), 16), bgn = parseInt(bg.slice(2, 4), 16), bb = parseInt(bg.slice(4, 6), 16);
  const d = img.data;
  for (let i = 0; i < d.length; i += 4) {
    if (d[i] === br && d[i + 1] === bgn && d[i + 2] === bb) d[i + 3] = 0;
  }
  const tmp = document.createElement('canvas');
  tmp.width = img.width; tmp.height = img.height;
  tmp.getContext('2d').putImageData(img, 0, 0);
  g.drawImage(tmp, 0, 0);
}

const keptSorted = () => [...state.keep].sort((a, b) => a - b);

// Performance tracks can lead the clock.
//
// A centred moving average has no phase lag, so smoothing does not literally
// delay anything - but it blurs onsets, and the visually salient moment of a
// mouth opening moves later even though the mean does not. Animators also draw
// mouth shapes one or two frames ahead of the sound as a matter of course, so
// this is the normal control rather than a correction.
//
// Positive lead = the mouth arrives earlier. Only performance parts shift; the
// head stays with the audio, because it is the mouth that should anticipate.
function leadIndex(f) {
  // Reads cached scalars, not opts(): this runs once per strip thumbnail, and
  // calling opts() here meant ~14 DOM reads x 74 frames on every redraw.
  //
  // Exposure first, then lead. The grid decides WHICH frames get a new drawing;
  // the lead then shifts which pose that drawing carries, by whole frames of the
  // original track. Applying them the other way round would put the changes on
  // the wrong beats - the picture would update on the odd frames instead of
  // holding on the twos.
  return shiftIndex(exposeIndex(f, state.exposure), state.lead, state.dense.length);
}

// The plate rides the same grid, so the whole picture updates together. On 2s
// means on 2s - a head that cut on the odd frames while the mouth cut on the
// even ones would read as two performances laid over each other.
const plateIndex = (f) => heldFrame(keptSorted(), exposeIndex(f, state.exposure));

// Performance tracks that do not take the mouth lead still ride the grid. This
// existing as a named thing is what stopped the eyes holding on 1s in the
// preview while the export held them on 2s - a preview that disagrees with the
// export is the one bug this tool cannot afford.
const perfIndex = (f) => exposeIndex(f, state.exposure);

function blit(canvas, raster, zoom) {
  canvas.width = RW * zoom; canvas.height = RH * zoom;
  canvas.getContext('2d').putImageData(raster.toImageData(PALETTE.map((p) => p.hex), zoom), 0, 0);
}

function drawAll() {
  drawPanes();
  drawStrip();
  drawWorksheet();
  drawReadout();
  drawPaint();
}

function drawReadout() {
  const kept = keptSorted();
  const runs = kept.map((k, i) => (i + 1 < kept.length ? kept[i + 1] : state.dense.length) - k);
  const lead = state.lead;
  const teethFrames = state.teeth ? state.teeth.filter((t) => t.show).length : 0;
  el('readout').textContent =
    `${state.dense.length} frames → ${kept.length} drawings · ` +
    `teeth on ${teethFrames}f · ` +
    `${blinkRuns(state.eyes.shutR).length}/${blinkRuns(state.eyes.shutL).length} blinks R/L · ` +
    `${gazeCells(state.eyes.gaze)} gaze cells · ` +
    `${gazeCells(state.brows.R.q)} brow poses · ` +
    (state.exposure > 1
      ? `on ${state.exposure}s = ${(state.fps / state.exposure).toFixed(4).replace(/\.?0+$/, '')}fps · `
      : '') +
    (lead ? `mouth leads ${lead}f (${(lead / state.fps * 1000).toFixed(0)}ms) · ` : '') +
    `holds ${Math.min(...runs)}–${Math.max(...runs)} frames · ` +
    `neutral f${state.neutral} · residual ` +
    `${(state.stab.residual.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0) / state.dense.length).toFixed(4)}`;
}

// Blinks as RUNS, not as shut frames: a three-frame blink is one blink, and the
// count is only useful as "did the performer blink six times or sixty".
function blinkRuns(shut) {
  const runs = [];
  for (let f = 0; f < shut.length; f++) {
    if (shut[f] && !shut[f - 1]) runs.push(f);
  }
  return runs;
}

// How many distinct positions the iris ever occupies. This is the number the
// gaze knobs exist to control: two or three is a character who looks at things,
// forty is an unquantised iris sliding around, which is what the grid is for.
const gazeCells = (gaze) => new Set(gaze.map((g) => `${g.x},${g.y}`)).size;

function drawPanes() {
  const f = state.frame, kept = keptSorted();
  const pf = plateIndex(f);
  // The mouth frame is always shown, not only when shifted, so the number can be
  // watched diverging from f rather than taken on trust.
  const lead = state.lead;
  el('framelabel').textContent =
    `f ${f} / ${state.dense.length - 1} · ${(f / state.fps).toFixed(2)}s · ` +
    `plate f${pf} · mouth f${leadIndex(f)}` +
    (state.exposure > 1 && f % state.exposure ? ' (held)' : '') +
    (lead ? ` (${lead > 0 ? '+' : ''}${lead} = ${(lead / state.fps * 1000).toFixed(0)}ms)` : '') +
    (state.keep.has(f) ? ' · KEPT' : ' · held');

  const c1 = el('cv-source'), g1 = c1.getContext('2d');
  c1.width = RW * ZOOM; c1.height = RH * ZOOM;
  g1.fillStyle = '#000'; g1.fillRect(0, 0, c1.width, c1.height);
  const im = state.images[f];
  if (im) {
    const b = state.faceBox[f];
    const sx = b.x0 * im.naturalWidth, sy = b.y0 * im.naturalHeight;
    const sw = (b.x1 - b.x0) * im.naturalWidth, sh = (b.y1 - b.y0) * im.naturalHeight;
    const s = Math.min(c1.width / sw, c1.height / sh);
    const dw = sw * s, dh = sh * s, dx = (c1.width - dw) / 2, dy = (c1.height - dh) / 2;
    g1.drawImage(im, sx, sy, sw, sh, dx, dy, dw, dh);
    const map = (p) => ({ x: dx + (p.x * im.naturalWidth - sx) * s, y: dy + (p.y * im.naturalHeight - sy) * s });
    strokePts(g1, LIPS_OUTER.map((i) => map(state.dense[f][i])), '#4ade80');
    strokePts(g1, LIPS_INNER.map((i) => map(state.dense[f][i])), '#f87171');
    drawEyeOverlay(g1, map, f);
  } else {
    g1.fillStyle = '#555'; g1.font = '13px system-ui';
    g1.fillText('synthetic — no source frames', 14, 24);
    const sc = (p) => ({ x: p.x * c1.width, y: p.y * c1.height });
    strokePts(g1, LIPS_OUTER.map((i) => sc(state.dense[f][i])), '#4ade80');
    strokePts(g1, LIPS_INNER.map((i) => sc(state.dense[f][i])), '#f87171');
    drawEyeOverlay(g1, sc, f);
  }

  const c2 = el('cv-stab'), g2 = c2.getContext('2d');
  c2.width = RW * ZOOM; c2.height = RH * ZOOM;
  g2.fillStyle = '#0d0f16'; g2.fillRect(0, 0, c2.width, c2.height);
  g2.strokeStyle = '#2a2f3e'; g2.lineWidth = 1; g2.beginPath();
  g2.moveTo(c2.width / 2, 0); g2.lineTo(c2.width / 2, c2.height);
  g2.moveTo(0, c2.height / 2); g2.lineTo(c2.width, c2.height / 2); g2.stroke();
  const z = (pts) => pts.map((p) => ({ x: p.x * ZOOM, y: p.y * ZOOM }));
  const mf = leadIndex(f);
  strokePts(g2, z(state.plates[pf]), '#3b4a63');
  // With a lead set, the unshifted contour is drawn as a ghost so the offset is
  // something you can see rather than something you have to trust.
  if (mf !== f) strokePts(g2, z(state.outer[f]), '#2f6b46');
  strokePts(g2, z(state.outer[mf]), '#4ade80');
  if (!state.hidden[mf]) strokePts(g2, z(state.inner[mf]), '#f87171');
  for (const e of [state.eyes.frames[f].r, state.eyes.frames[f].l]) {
    strokePts(g2, z(e.lid), e.shut ? '#f87171' : '#60a5fa');
    if (e.shut) continue;
    g2.strokeStyle = '#fbbf24';
    g2.beginPath();
    g2.arc(e.iris.x * ZOOM, e.iris.y * ZOOM, e.iris.r * ZOOM, 0, Math.PI * 2);
    g2.stroke();
  }

  compositeRender(el('cv-render'), f, ZOOM);
  drawInteriorDebug(f);
  drawGazeDebug(f);
}

// What the teeth measurement actually saw: sampled region, pixels above
// threshold in green, the resolved line in amber. Recomputed for the current
// frame only, so it costs nothing to keep on screen.
function drawInteriorDebug(fRaw) {
  const f = leadIndex(fRaw);
  const host = el('cv-teeth');
  const img = state.images[f];
  if (!img || state.hidden[f]) {
    host.innerHTML = '';
    el('teethinfo').textContent = state.images.length ? 'mouth closed' : 'no source frames';
    return;
  }
  const o = opts();
  const ctx = document.createElement('canvas').getContext('2d', { willReadFrequently: true });
  const m = extractTeeth(img, LIPS_INNER.map((k) => state.dense[f][k]), ctx, o, true);
  host.innerHTML = '';
  if (m.debug) {
    m.debug.style.width = '170px';
    m.debug.style.imageRendering = 'pixelated';
    host.append(m.debug);
  }
  const te = state.teeth[f];
  el('teethinfo').textContent =
    `contrast ${m.contrast.toFixed(3)} / gate ${o.teethOn.toFixed(2)} · ` +
    `area ${m.area}px · ${te.show ? 'SHOWN' : 'hidden'}`;
}

// Lid rings and the iris, on the raw frame. Landmark overlays are how you tell
// a tracking failure from a knob set wrong, and the eyes need it more than the
// mouth does: an iris that has latched onto an eyebrow looks, in the flat
// render alone, exactly like a gaze gain that is too high.
function drawEyeOverlay(g, map, f) {
  const lm = state.dense[f];
  for (const ring of [EYE_R_RING, EYE_L_RING]) {
    strokePts(g, ring.map((i) => map(lm[i])), '#60a5fa');
  }
  for (const ring of [BROW_A_RING, BROW_B_RING]) {
    strokePts(g, ring.map((i) => map(lm[i])), '#c084fc');
  }
  if (!state.eyes.hasIris) return;
  for (const iris of [IRIS_A, IRIS_B]) {
    strokePts(g, iris.slice(1).map((i) => map(lm[i])), '#fbbf24');
  }
}

// The gaze field: every position the iris takes over the whole take, plus where
// it is now. Tune against this, not against the numbers - "4 cells" tells you
// the quantisation is working, but only the picture tells you whether the four
// are the four looks the performance actually has.
function drawGazeDebug(f) {
  const cv = el('cv-gaze'), S = 150;
  cv.width = S; cv.height = S;
  const g = cv.getContext('2d');
  g.fillStyle = '#0d0f16'; g.fillRect(0, 0, S, S);

  const ex = state.eyes;
  // Scale so the widest excursion in the take fills the box, with a floor so a
  // nearly-still gaze does not get magnified into a light show.
  let m = 2;
  for (const p of ex.gazePx) m = Math.max(m, Math.abs(p.x), Math.abs(p.y));
  const k = (S / 2 - 8) / m;
  const X = (v) => S / 2 + v * k, Y = (v) => S / 2 + v * k;

  const o = opts();
  if (o.gazeStep > 0) {
    g.strokeStyle = '#1b2030'; g.lineWidth = 1;
    for (let i = -20; i <= 20; i++) {
      const v = i * o.gazeStep;
      if (Math.abs(v) > m) continue;
      g.beginPath(); g.moveTo(X(v), 0); g.lineTo(X(v), S); g.stroke();
      g.beginPath(); g.moveTo(0, Y(v)); g.lineTo(S, Y(v)); g.stroke();
    }
  }
  g.strokeStyle = '#2a2f3e';
  g.beginPath(); g.moveTo(S / 2, 0); g.lineTo(S / 2, S);
  g.moveTo(0, S / 2); g.lineTo(S, S / 2); g.stroke();

  g.fillStyle = '#2f6b46';
  for (const p of ex.gaze) g.fillRect(X(p.x) - 1.5, Y(p.y) - 1.5, 3, 3);

  const raw = ex.gazePx[f], q = ex.gaze[f];
  g.fillStyle = '#8891a5';
  g.fillRect(X(raw.x) - 1, Y(raw.y) - 1, 2, 2);
  g.fillStyle = '#fbbf24';
  g.beginPath(); g.arc(X(q.x), Y(q.y), 4, 0, Math.PI * 2); g.fill();

  const sig = state.eyeSig, fr = state.eyes.frames[f];
  const og = state.gazeOriginValue;
  // Per-eye raw gaze is the diagnostic for a wrong-looking eyeline. If the two
  // agree and both point the wrong way, the ORIGIN is wrong. If they disagree in
  // a sustained way, it is out-of-plane head rotation biasing the projection,
  // which no 2D measurement can undo.
  const sgn = (v) => `${v >= 0 ? '+' : ''}${v.toFixed(3)}`;
  el('eyeinfo').textContent =
    `open R ${sig.openR[f].toFixed(3)} L ${sig.openL[f].toFixed(3)} / cut ${o.blinkCut.toFixed(3)}\n` +
    `${fr.r.shut ? 'R SHUT ' : ''}${fr.l.shut ? 'L SHUT' : ''}${!fr.r.shut && !fr.l.shut ? 'both open' : ''}\n` +
    `gaze ${q.x >= 0 ? '+' : ''}${q.x.toFixed(1)}, ${q.y >= 0 ? '+' : ''}${q.y.toFixed(1)} px\n` +
    `raw R ${sgn(sig.gazeR[f].x)} L ${sgn(sig.gazeL[f].x)}  (x, eye widths)\n` +
    `origin ${o.gazeOrigin} ${sgn(og.x)}, ${sgn(og.y)}` +
    (ex.hasIris ? '' : ' — no iris landmarks');
}

function strokePts(g, pts, color, lw = 1) {
  g.strokeStyle = color; g.lineWidth = lw;
  g.beginPath();
  pts.forEach((p, i) => (i ? g.lineTo(p.x, p.y) : g.moveTo(p.x, p.y)));
  g.closePath(); g.stroke();
}

/* ---------- the frame strip: this is the editing surface ---------- */

function drawStrip() {
  const host = el('strip');
  host.innerHTML = '';
  const N = state.dense.length;
  for (let f = 0; f < N; f++) {
    const cell = document.createElement('div');
    cell.className = 'fr' + (state.keep.has(f) ? ' keep' : ' drop') + (f === state.frame ? ' cur' : '');
    cell.dataset.f = f;

    const cv = document.createElement('canvas');
    const im = state.images[f];
    cv.width = THUMB; cv.height = THUMB;
    const g = cv.getContext('2d');
    g.fillStyle = '#0d0f16'; g.fillRect(0, 0, THUMB, THUMB);
    if (im) {
      const b = state.faceBox[f];
      const sx = b.x0 * im.naturalWidth, sy = b.y0 * im.naturalHeight;
      const sw = (b.x1 - b.x0) * im.naturalWidth, sh = (b.y1 - b.y0) * im.naturalHeight;
      const s = Math.min(THUMB / sw, THUMB / sh);
      g.drawImage(im, sx, sy, sw, sh, (THUMB - sw * s) / 2, (THUMB - sh * s) / 2, sw * s, sh * s);
    } else {
      const r = new IndexedRaster(RW, RH);
      r.clear(IDX.bg); r.fillPoly(state.plates[f], IDX.base);
      const tmp = document.createElement('canvas');
      blit(tmp, r, 1);
      g.drawImage(tmp, 0, 0, RW, RH, 0, 0, THUMB, THUMB * (RH / RW));
    }

    const tag = document.createElement('span');
    tag.textContent = f;
    // Mark the frames that actually carry a drawing. Without it the only way to
    // know where your cels are is to scrub and look, and "copy previous" then
    // reaches back to somewhere you cannot see.
    if ((state.cels.get(f) || []).length) cell.classList.add('cel');
    cell.append(cv, tag);
    cell.draggable = true;
    cell.ondragstart = (ev) => ev.dataTransfer.setData('text/plain', String(f));
    cell.onclick = (ev) => {
      seekTo(f);
      if (ev.shiftKey) toggle(f);
      drawAll();
    };
    cell.ondblclick = () => { toggle(f); drawAll(); };
    host.append(cell);
  }
}

function toggle(f) {
  if (f === 0) return;                       // frame 0 always has a drawing
  if (state.keep.has(f)) state.keep.delete(f); else state.keep.add(f);
}

/* ---------- worksheet: the frames a human must draw ---------- */

function drawWorksheet() {
  const host = el('sheet');
  host.innerHTML = '';
  const kept = keptSorted();
  kept.forEach((f, i) => {
    const until = (i + 1 < kept.length ? kept[i + 1] : state.dense.length) - 1;
    const cell = document.createElement('div');
    cell.className = 'cell';
    // Registered, not raw-cropped: the worksheet frame is in raster space, so a
    // drawing traced from it is already aligned to the mouth.
    const cv = document.createElement('canvas');
    compositeRender(cv, f, 1);
    cv.style.width = '176px';
    const cap = document.createElement('span');
    cap.textContent = `f${f}` + (until > f ? ` → ${until}` : '') + `  (${until - f + 1}f)`;
    cell.append(cv, cap);
    cell.onclick = () => { seekTo(f); drawAll(); };
    host.append(cell);
  });
}

/* ---------- export ---------- */

// Six parts, three per eye, mirroring the mouth's lash/interior/content stack.
// `clip` is what tells the renderer the iris is stencilled by the sclera rather
// than merely drawn after it - without it an extreme gaze would put the iris on
// the cheek.
function eyeParts(grid) {
  const out = [];
  // Eyes ride the exposure grid but NOT the mouth lead: the lead is a lip-sync
  // device and nothing about a blink is tied to the audio.
  const src = perfIndex;
  [['r', 20], ['l', 23]].forEach(([side, z]) => {
    const at = (f) => state.eyes.frames[src(f)][side];
    out.push(
      { name: `eye_${side}`, kind: 'poly', z, color: 'skin_dark', interp: 'hold',
        keys: grid.map((f) => ({ f, src: src(f), pts: at(f).lash })) },
      { name: `eye_${side}_in`, kind: 'poly', z: z + 1, color: 'eye_white', interp: 'hold',
        parent: `eye_${side}`,
        keys: grid.map((f) =>
          (at(f).shut ? { f, hidden: true } : { f, src: src(f), pts: at(f).lid })) },
      { name: `iris_${side}`, kind: 'disc', z: z + 2, color: 'iris', interp: 'hold',
        parent: `eye_${side}_in`, clip: `eye_${side}_in`,
        keys: grid.map((f) => {
          const e = at(f);
          return e.shut ? { f, hidden: true }
                        : { f, src: src(f), c: { x: e.iris.x, y: e.iris.y }, r: e.iris.r };
        }) },
    );
    if (!state.eyes.frames[0].r.pupil) return;
    out.push(
      { name: `pupil_${side}`, kind: 'rect', z: z + 3, color: 'pupil', interp: 'hold',
        parent: `iris_${side}`, clip: `iris_${side}`,
        keys: grid.map((f) => {
          const e = at(f);
          return e.shut ? { f, hidden: true }
                        : { f, src: src(f), c: { x: e.iris.x, y: e.iris.y }, size: e.pupil };
        }) },
    );
  });
  return out;
}

// Brows are a traced ring like the lids, so they keep every frame on the grid.
// The quantised raise is already baked into the points - the renderer is handed
// a polygon, not a shape plus an offset it would have to recombine.
function browParts(grid) {
  return [['r', 26, 'R'], ['l', 27, 'L']].map(([name, z, side]) => ({
    name: `brow_${name}`, kind: 'poly', z, color: 'brow', interp: 'hold',
    keys: grid.map((f) => ({ f, src: perfIndex(f), pts: state.brows[side].frames[perfIndex(f)] })),
  }));
}

function exportTake() {
  const kept = keptSorted();
  const N = state.dense.length;
  // Output frames that actually carry a key. Everything between them is a hold,
  // which the take format already expresses, so on 2s emits half the keys rather
  // than emitting each pose twice.
  const grid = [];
  for (let f = 0; f < N; f += state.exposure) grid.push(f);
  const take = {
    name: el('takename').value || 'line_01',
    frames: N, width: RW, height: RH, exposure: state.exposure, fps: state.fps,
    palette: PALETTE,
    slot: { x: RW / 2, y: RH / 2 },
    parts: [
      // Sparse: one plate key per frame a human draws.
      { name: 'head', kind: 'plate', z: 0, interp: 'hold',
        keys: kept.map((f, i) => ({ f: i, plate: i, src: f })) },
      // Dense: the traced mouth keeps every frame. The lead is baked in here -
      // key f carries the pose from source frame f+lead - so the renderer never
      // needs to know about it.
      { name: 'mouth', kind: 'poly', z: 30, color: 'skin_dark', interp: 'hold',
        keys: grid.map((f) => ({ f, src: leadIndex(f), pts: state.outer[leadIndex(f)] })) },
      { name: 'mouth_in', kind: 'poly', z: 31, color: 'mouth_dark', interp: 'hold', parent: 'mouth',
        keys: grid.map((f) => {
          const m = leadIndex(f);
          return state.hidden[m] ? { f, hidden: true } : { f, src: m, pts: state.inner[m] };
        }) },
      // Eyes. The lids are traced, so like the mouth they cost nothing and keep
      // every frame. The iris is a primitive: its quantised position means the
      // key stream is dense but the VALUES change only on saccades, so a
      // hold-interpolating renderer cuts between fixations by itself.
      ...eyeParts(grid),
      ...browParts(grid),
      { name: 'teeth', kind: 'poly', z: 32, color: 'teeth', interp: 'hold', parent: 'mouth_in',
        keys: grid.map((f) => {
          const m = leadIndex(f), te = state.teeth[m];
          return te.show && te.pts ? { f, src: m, pts: te.pts } : { f, hidden: true };
        }) },
    ],
  };
  const text = writeTake(take)
    + `\n# plate drawings needed: ${kept.length} of ${N} frames\n`
    + kept.map((f, i) => {
        const until = (i + 1 < kept.length ? kept[i + 1] : N) - 1;
        return `# plate ${i} = source frame ${f}, holds f${f}..${until}`;
      }).join('\n') + '\n';
  const a = document.createElement('a');
  a.href = URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([text], { type: 'text/plain' }));
  a.download = `${take.name}.take`;
  a.click();
  status(`exported — ${kept.length} plate drawings, ${grid.length} mouth keys` +
    (state.exposure > 1 ? ` on ${state.exposure}s` : '') + ', ' +
    `${blinkRuns(state.eyes.shutR).length + blinkRuns(state.eyes.shutL).length} blinks`, 'ok');
}

/* ---------- wiring ---------- */

async function runFrames() {
  try {
    const man = await loadManifest();
    if (man) {
      state.fps = man.fps;
      el('framedir').value = man.dir || 'frames';
      attachAudio(man.audio);
    } else {
      attachAudio(null);
      status('no manifest.json — assuming 12fps, no audio. Re-run extract.sh', 'warn');
    }
    const images = await loadFrameSequence();
    if (!images.length) {
      status(`no frames in ${el('framedir').value}/ — run extract.sh first`, 'err');
      return;
    }
    const { dense, missing } = await detectAll(images);
    state.images = images; state.dense = dense;
    state.aspect = images[0].naturalWidth / images[0].naturalHeight;
    status('measuring mouth interiors…');
    state.interior = measureAll(images, dense, opts());
    el('scrub').max = dense.length - 1;
    state.frame = 0;
    labelExposure();
    loadCels();
    rebuild(true);
    const dur = (dense.length / state.fps).toFixed(2);
    status(`${images.length} frames · ${images[0].naturalWidth}x${images[0].naturalHeight} · ` +
      `${state.fps}fps · ${dur}s` +
      (state.audio ? ' · audio loaded' : ' · no audio') +
      (missing.length ? ` · no face on ${missing.length} (held previous)` : ''),
      missing.length ? 'warn' : 'ok');
  } catch (e) { status(e.message, 'err'); console.error(e); }
}

function runSynthetic() {
  state.images = [];
  attachAudio(null);
  state.fps = 12;
  state.aspect = 1;         // synthetic landmarks are generated square
  state.lead = 0;
  state.interior = null;    // no pixels, so no teeth

  state.dense = synthDense(72);
  el('scrub').max = 71;
  state.frame = 0;
  labelExposure();
  loadCels();
  rebuild(true);
  status('synthetic — exercises everything below detection', 'ok');
}

// How each slider's raw value reads out. A table rather than the conditional
// chain this used to be: that chain grew a branch per knob and was one ternary
// away from being unreadable.
const FMT = {
  apertureThresh: (v) => (v / 1000).toFixed(3),
  tol: (v) => (v / 1000).toFixed(3),
  blinkCut: (v) => (v / 1000).toFixed(3),
  teethOn: (v) => (v / 100).toFixed(2),
  teethErode: (v) => (v / 100).toFixed(2),
  tongueReject: (v) => (v / 100).toFixed(2),
  topBias: (v) => (v / 100).toFixed(2),
  irisSize: (v) => `${v}%`,
  gazeGain: (v) => (v / 100).toFixed(2),
  gazeStep: (v) => (v ? `${v}px` : 'off'),
  browStep: (v) => (v ? `${v}px` : 'off'),
  browWeight: (v) => `${v}px`,
  browGain: (v) => (v / 100).toFixed(2),
  pupilPx: (v) => (v ? `${v}px` : 'off'),
  lashPx: (v) => `${v}px`,
  lead: (v) => (v > 0 ? `+${v}` : String(v)),
};

for (const id of ['verts', 'smoothWin', 'contourSmooth', 'apertureThresh', 'tol',
                  'teethOn', 'teethDwell', 'teethErode', 'tongueReject', 'blobGrow',
                  'topBias', 'teethVerts', 'teethSmooth', 'lead',
                  'eyeVerts', 'lashPx', 'irisSize', 'pupilPx', 'gazeGain',
                  'gazeStep', 'gazeDwell', 'blinkCut', 'blinkHold', 'blinkDwell',
                  'browVerts', 'browWeight', 'browGain', 'browStep', 'browDwell']) {
  const show = () => {
    el(id + 'v').textContent = FMT[id] ? FMT[id](+el(id).value) : el(id).value;
  };
  el(id).addEventListener('input', () => {
    show();
    if (id === 'tol') return;                 // tol only matters when you ask for a suggestion
    rebuild(false);
  });
  show();
}

function seekTo(f) {
  state.frame = f;
  if (state.audio) state.audio.currentTime = f / state.fps;
  el('scrub').value = f;
}

el('scrub').addEventListener('input', (e) => { seekTo(+e.target.value); drawAll(); });
el('btn-frames').onclick = runFrames;
el('btn-synth').onclick = runSynthetic;
el('btn-export').onclick = exportTake;
el('plateMode').addEventListener('change', () => { if (state.dense) drawAll(); });
el('exposure').addEventListener('change', () => { if (state.dense) rebuild(false); });
for (const id of ['irisAnchor', 'gazeOrigin']) {
  el(id).addEventListener('change', () => { if (state.dense) rebuild(false); });
}

// Label the exposure options in the only units that mean anything here: the
// rate the picture actually changes at, which depends on the clip's own rate.
// "on 2s" is the animator's name for it and the number is what you hear against
// the audio, so the menu says both.
function labelExposure() {
  for (const opt of el('exposure').options) {
    const n = +opt.value;
    const rate = (state.fps / n).toFixed(4).replace(/\.?0+$/, '');
    opt.textContent = `${rate} fps · on ${n}s`;
  }
}
el('btn-saveframe').onclick = () => {
  if (!state.dense) return;
  const cv = document.createElement('canvas');
  compositeRender(cv, state.frame, 4);      // 1280x800: enough to draw on
  const a = document.createElement('a');
  a.href = cv.toDataURL('image/png');
  a.download = `${el('takename').value || 'take'}_f${String(state.frame).padStart(4, '0')}.png`;
  a.click();
  status(`saved registered frame f${state.frame} at 4x`, 'ok');
};
el('btn-keepall').onclick = () => { if (state.dense) { rebuild(true); } };
el('btn-suggest').onclick = () => {
  if (!state.dense) return;
  const kept = suggestPlateFrames(state.stab.rigid, opts().tol);
  state.keep = new Set(kept);
  drawAll();
  status(`suggested ${kept.length} drawings at tolerance ${opts().tol.toFixed(3)} — now hand-correct`, 'ok');
};
el('btn-play').onclick = () => {
  if (!state.dense) return;
  state.playing = !state.playing;
  el('btn-play').textContent = state.playing ? 'Stop' : 'Play';
  if (state.playing) {
    if (state.audio) {
      state.audio.playbackRate = +el('speed').value;
      // Restart from the top if we are sitting at the end.
      if (state.frame >= state.dense.length - 1) state.frame = 0;
      state.audio.currentTime = state.frame / state.fps;
      state.audio.play().catch((e) => status('audio blocked: ' + e.message, 'warn'));
    }
    last = 0;
    tick();
  } else if (state.audio) {
    state.audio.pause();
  }
};

el('speed').addEventListener('change', () => {
  // playbackRate retimes the clock, and the picture follows it for free.
  if (state.audio) state.audio.playbackRate = +el('speed').value;
});

// Keyboard is the point: stepping and deleting 37 frames by mouse is miserable.
window.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
  if (!state.dense || e.target.tagName === 'INPUT') return;
  const N = state.dense.length;
  if (e.key === 'ArrowRight') { seekTo(Math.min(N - 1, state.frame + 1)); drawAll(); }
  else if (e.key === 'ArrowLeft') { seekTo(Math.max(0, state.frame - 1)); drawAll(); }
  else if (e.key === 'Backspace' || e.key === 'Delete' || e.key === 'x') {
    state.keep.delete(state.frame === 0 ? -1 : state.frame); drawAll();
  } else if (e.key === '[' || e.key === ']') {
    const n = el('lead');
    n.value = Math.max(+n.min, Math.min(+n.max, +n.value + (e.key === ']' ? 1 : -1)));
    state.lead = +n.value;
    el('leadv').textContent = state.lead > 0 ? `+${state.lead}` : String(state.lead);
    drawAll();
  } else if (e.key === 'b') {
    const sel = el('plateMode');
    sel.selectedIndex = (sel.selectedIndex + 1) % sel.options.length;
    drawAll();
  } else if (e.key === 'k' || e.key === ' ') {
    if (state.frame !== 0) state.keep.add(state.frame);
    drawAll();
  } else return;
  e.preventDefault();
});

let last = 0;
function tick(ts = 0) {
  if (!state.playing) return;
  const N = state.dense.length;
  let f;
  if (state.audio) {
    // Audio is the clock. Deriving the frame from currentTime rather than
    // counting means a slow render loop drops frames instead of drifting out
    // of sync, which is the behaviour you want when judging lip sync.
    f = Math.floor(state.audio.currentTime * state.fps);
    if (f >= N || state.audio.ended) {
      state.audio.currentTime = 0;
      state.audio.play().catch(() => {});
      f = 0;
    }
  } else {
    const rate = state.fps * +el('speed').value;
    if (ts - last < 1000 / rate) { requestAnimationFrame(tick); return; }
    last = ts;
    f = (state.frame + 1) % N;
  }
  if (f !== state.frame) {
    state.frame = f;
    el('scrub').value = f;
    drawPanes(); drawStrip();
  }
  requestAnimationFrame(tick);
}

PALETTE.forEach((p) => {
  const sw = document.createElement('label');
  sw.className = 'sw';
  const inp = document.createElement('input');
  inp.type = 'color'; inp.value = p.hex;
  inp.oninput = () => { p.hex = inp.value; if (state.dense) drawAll(); };
  sw.append(inp, document.createTextNode(p.name));
  el('palette').append(sw);
});

/* ---------- paint ---------- */

// The cel being edited is the one ON SCREEN, which is the most recent kept
// frame at or before the playhead. You can scrub anywhere and keep drawing on
// the cel you can see, rather than having to land exactly on a kept frame.
const celFrame = () => (state.dense ? plateIndex(state.frame) : 0);

const paint = new PaintUI({
  canvas: el('cv-paint'), list: el('paintlayers'), info: el('paintinfo'),
  zoom: 3, RW, RH, palette: PALETTE,
  getCel: () => (state.dense ? (state.cels.get(celFrame()) || []) : []),
  setCel: (cel) => { if (state.dense) state.cels.set(celFrame(), cel); },
  celAt: (f) => (state.dense ? state.cels.get(heldFrame(keptSorted(), f)) : null),
  backing: (cv, z) => {
    if (!state.dense) {
      cv.width = RW * z; cv.height = RH * z;
      const g = cv.getContext('2d');
      g.fillStyle = '#0d0f16'; g.fillRect(0, 0, cv.width, cv.height);
      return;
    }
    const op = +el('paintOpacity').value / 100;
    // At 100% this is exactly the normal composite, so the slider changes
    // nothing at all until you reach for it.
    if (op >= 1) { compositeRender(cv, state.frame, z); return; }
    paintGhost(cv, z, op);
  },
  // paintLabels, not drawPaint: drawPaint re-renders the canvas, and this runs
  // from inside commit(), which renders immediately afterwards anyway.
  onChange: () => { saveCels(); paintLabels(); drawPanes(); drawStrip(); drawWorksheet(); },
});

el('paintTool').addEventListener('change', () => {
  paint.tool = el('paintTool').value;
  paint.draft = null;
  paint.render();
});
el('paintColor').addEventListener('change', () => { paint.color = +el('paintColor').value; });
el('paintOpacity').addEventListener('input', () => {
  el('paintOpacityv').textContent = `${el('paintOpacity').value}%`;
  paint.render();
});
el('paintOpacityv').textContent = `${el('paintOpacity').value}%`;
el('btn-celclear').onclick = () => {
  if (!state.dense) return;
  state.cels.set(celFrame(), newCel());
  paint.sel = -1;
  paint.commit();
};
el('btn-celprev').onclick = () => {
  // Copy the last finished drawing onto this one - the case you reach for
  // constantly, stepping forward and carrying the previous cel with you.
  //
  // "The last drawing" means the nearest earlier enabled frame that ACTUALLY
  // HAS one, not simply the nearest earlier enabled frame. Every frame is
  // enabled until you curate the strip, so the naive rule resolved to f-1,
  // which is empty, and the button looked like it only ever copied the frame
  // immediately to the left. Skipping the empties makes it behave the same
  // before and after you thin the strip out.
  if (!state.dense) return;
  const here = celFrame();
  const prev = keptSorted()
    .filter((k) => k < here && (state.cels.get(k) || []).length)
    .pop();
  if (prev === undefined) { paint.say('no earlier drawing to copy'); return; }
  state.cels.set(here, cloneCel(state.cels.get(prev)));
  paint.sel = -1;
  paint.commit();
  paint.say(`copied f${prev} → f${here} — ${state.cels.get(here).length} layers`);
};

PALETTE.forEach((p, i) => {
  const o = document.createElement('option');
  o.value = i; o.textContent = p.name;
  el('paintColor').append(o);
});
el('paintColor').value = 1;
paint.color = 1;

// Drawings are the only thing here a person made by hand, so losing them to a
// reload would be the worst failure in the tool. Everything else regenerates.
const celKey = () => `arthur.cels.${el('takename').value || 'line_01'}`;
function saveCels() {
  try {
    localStorage.setItem(celKey(), JSON.stringify([...state.cels]));
  } catch { /* private window, quota - not worth failing a brush stroke over */ }
}
function loadCels() {
  state.cels = new Map();
  try {
    const raw = localStorage.getItem(celKey());
    if (raw) state.cels = new Map(JSON.parse(raw).map(([k, v]) => [+k, v]));
  } catch { /* corrupt or absent: start empty */ }
}

function drawPaint() {
  paintLabels();
  paint.render();
}

// The drawing dimmed over the source frame, for tracing.
//
// An EDITING AID ONLY - opacity is never written to the raster, never exported,
// and the flat render is untouched. Nothing here may reach the output: a
// translucent fill is the one thing this format cannot express, so if it ever
// leaked into the rasteriser it would have to be flattened against a background
// and would silently become a colour that is not in the ramp.
//
// The plate oval is deliberately not drawn. It is a stand-in for art that does
// not exist yet, and it covers the performer's face in flat skin - which is
// exactly the part of the frame you turned the opacity down to look at.
function paintGhost(cv, z, op) {
  cv.width = RW * z; cv.height = RH * z;
  const g = cv.getContext('2d');
  g.fillStyle = PALETTE[IDX.bg].hex;
  g.fillRect(0, 0, cv.width, cv.height);

  const f = state.frame, pf = plateIndex(f);
  const img = state.images[pf];
  if (img) drawRegistered(g, img, state.stab.transforms[pf], state.xform, z, 1);

  g.globalAlpha = op;
  blitIndexed(g, renderFrame(f, 'off'), z, !!img);
  g.globalAlpha = 1;
}

function paintLabels() {
  if (!state.dense) return;
  const kept = keptSorted(), cf = celFrame();
  const until = (kept[kept.indexOf(cf) + 1] ?? state.dense.length) - 1;
  const drawn = kept.filter((k) => (state.cels.get(k) || []).length);
  el('paintframe').textContent =
    `drawing cel f${cf}` + (until > cf ? ` — holds to f${until}` : '') +
    (state.frame !== cf ? ` · playhead f${state.frame}` : '');
  el('paintcels').textContent = drawn.length
    ? `${drawn.length} drawn: ${drawn.join(' ')}`
    : 'nothing drawn yet';
}

// #synth / #frames autorun, so the tool can be driven headlessly for smoke tests
// and deep-linked. Detection needs WebGL; the synthetic path does not.
window.addEventListener('error', (e) => {
  const s = document.getElementById('status');
  if (s) { s.textContent = e.message; s.className = 'err'; }
});

if (location.hash === '#synth') runSynthetic();
else if (location.hash === '#frames') runFrames();
else status('ready — Load frames, then step with \u2190 \u2192 and delete with X');

window.__roto = state;   // headless smoke test reads this
window.__render = compositeRender;   // ...and renders arbitrary frames off-screen
window.__lead = leadIndex;           // ...and resolves the performance frame
window.__drawAll = drawAll;          // ...and forces a full redraw